Supplementary files for "Effects of intramammary infection and dry-off treatment on the immune-metabolic profile of Alpine dairy goats"

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This study provides preliminary results on the changes of plasma analytes in dairy goats having a positive or negative bacteriological culture before dry-off and the use of intramammary tube of cephazolin. Goats having a positive bacteriological culture experienced dyslipidemia 5 days after dry-off and a greater inflammatory status around kidding. Antibiotic administration at dry-off did not affect plasma analytes trends. Plasma analytes could serve as effective diagnostic tools to improve the detection of intramammary infections in dairy goats. This dataset includes supplementary information supporting the main paper. In particular: Table s1. Intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variations, limit of quantification (LOQ), codes of commercial kits used, calibrators and quality controls used for plasma analytes included in the study. Values are reported based on bovine plasma, which represents the most frequently analyzed matrix in our laboratory and for which robust datasets are available. All assays were also verified for consistency and repeatability in goat plasma before use. Figure S2. Time course of plasma concentrations of creatinine and calcium in Alpine dairy goats having a healthy (HEAL) or infected (INFE) mammary gland 7 days before dry-off.

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Table s1 provide supportive information on the methods adopted to determine the plasma metabolic profile. Frozen plasma samples used to perform the analytical procedures were thawed within 3 months from collection and processed as described below. A clinical autoanalyzer (ILAB Taurus, Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA) was used to determine the plasma concentration of glucose, NEFA, triglycerides, BHB, urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, total protein, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, total bilirubin, and cholesterol in accordance with Calamari et al. (2016). The plasma reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMt) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were determined according to Jacometo et al. (2015). The plasma concentration of paraoxonase was determined according to Bionaz et al. (2007), those of thiol according to Minuti et al. (2014) and those of myeloperoxidase according to Bradley et al. (1982). The analytical methods used for plasma biomarker assessment in this study are enzymatic–colorimetric methods, which do not rely on species-specific antibodies and have been widely applied across different animal species. Although species-specific validation in goats is limited, these assays are broadly used in caprine research (Mezzetti et al., 2024) and are considered appropriate for this species. In our laboratory, intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation are routinely determined on bovine plasma, as this matrix is the most frequently analyzed and available in sufficient amounts to generate robust quality control data. Assay performance in goat plasma was also verified for consistency and repeatability before use.

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